执业药师知识点:主动转运和膜动转运
主动转运:药物通过生物膜转运时,借助载体或酶促系统,可以从膜的低浓度一侧向高浓度一侧转运,这种过程称为主动转运。
主动转运有如下特点:
①逆浓度梯度转运;
②需要消耗机体能量,能量的来源主要由细胞代谢产生的ATP提供 ;
③转运速度与载体量有关,往往可出现饱和现象;
④可与结构类似的物质发生竞争现象;
⑤受抑制剂的影响;
⑥具有结构特异性;
⑦主动转运还有部位特异性。
一些生命必需物质(如K+,Na+,I ,单糖,氨基酸,水溶性维生素)和有机酸、碱等弱电解质的离子型化合物等,能通过主动转运吸收。
膜动转运:生物膜具有一定的流动性,它可以通过主动变形,膜凹陷吞没液滴或微粒,将某些物质摄入细胞内或从细胞内释放到细胞外,此过程称膜动转运。
膜动转运是蛋白质和多肽的重要吸收方式,并且有一定的部位特异性(如蛋白质在小肠下段的吸收最为明显)。微粒给药系统可通过吞噬作用进入细胞。
主动转运:药物通过生物膜转运时,借助载体或酶促系统,可以从膜的低浓度一侧向高浓度一侧转运,这种过程称为主动转运。
主动转运有如下特点:
①逆浓度梯度转运;
②需要消耗机体能量,能量的来源主要由细胞代谢产生的ATP提供 ;
③转运速度与载体量有关,往往可出现饱和现象;
④可与结构类似的物质发生竞争现象;
⑤受抑制剂的影响;
⑥具有结构特异性;
⑦主动转运还有部位特异性。
一些生命必需物质(如K+,Na+,I ,单糖,氨基酸,水溶性维生素)和有机酸、碱等弱电解质的离子型化合物等,能通过主动转运吸收。
膜动转运:生物膜具有一定的流动性,它可以通过主动变形,膜凹陷吞没液滴或微粒,将某些物质摄入细胞内或从细胞内释放到细胞外,此过程称膜动转运。
膜动转运是蛋白质和多肽的重要吸收方式,并且有一定的部位特异性(如蛋白质在小肠下段的吸收最为明显)。微粒给药系统可通过吞噬作用进入细胞。
0点活动汇总[打call]
【19】马应龙,淡化细纹眼膜眼贴60片https://t.cn/A65hkCCb
【7.8】美味佳 ,新奥尔良腌料68g原味*2包https://t.cn/A65hkCCV
【21.9】桃李,夹心爆浆麻薯720g https://t.cn/A65hkCC5
【拍2件24.9】MOTIE,保暖衣https://t.cn/A65hkCC7
【17.8】绿联, ipad平板电脑全系列钢化莫1片https://t.cn/A65hkCCc
【19.9】日系百搭格纹饺子包https://t.cn/A65hkCCZ
【69.9】康佳 ,负离子直发梳https://t.cn/A65hkCCv
【69.9起】六只兔子×迪士尼联名,珊瑚绒家居服https://t.cn/A65hkCCy
【9.9】娇妍,草本女性护理液220ml https://t.cn/A65hkCCh
【拍2件54】colorkey, 小金筷眉笔*共2支 https://t.cn/A65hkCC2
【17.9】丘伴,内.内共5条https://t.cn/A65hkCCa
【24.9】倍舒特, 姨妈巾70片https://t.cn/A65hkCCA
【39】Dickies,潮牌包https://t.cn/A65hkCCU
【110】芙丽芳丝,氨基酸洁面泡沫150ml https://t.cn/A65hkCCw
【99】马克华菲, 复古小绿表https://t.cn/A65hkCCI
【18.9】柏翠丝,天丝湿敷棉4包*50片 https://t.cn/A65hkCC4
【15.9】铁功基,重庆正宗酸辣锅巴粉141g*3桶https://t.cn/A65hkCCP
【199】 康佳,激光冰点脱毛仪➕送护目镜➕刮毛刀https://t.cn/A65hkCCo
【9.9】三金,免水洗酒精消毒凝胶100ml*3支https://t.cn/A65hkCCf
【9.9】克明宝贝,钙铁锌挂面280g*2包https://t.cn/A65hkC9k
【49】格力高, 喵超定制全家福李盒https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbSSuD4K?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【49】冰泉,樱花蜜桃牙膏8件套https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbRq5yAJ?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9】芙清密钥,水杨酸面莫https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbR27gxl?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【拍2件16.8】千禾,糯米香醋1L*2 https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbQpmnGF?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【48】飞跃,字母高帮帆布鞋https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbPIhc6s?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【59.9】森马,复古PU皮斜挎包https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbOacVhE?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【拍3件39】湿又野,彩妆合集https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbMaru2C?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【39.9】天虹牌,原味巴旦木仁500g https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbKaCJdL?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【14】 乐力, 益生菌*20条https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbIPwneR?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【199】雅鹿 ,宽松加厚羽绒服https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbHO2VZG?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【29.9】韩束,红胶囊玻尿酸补水套装https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbH6DJYH?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【44】棉森,纯棉洗脸巾100抽*5盒https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbD70sE0?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【39】Free,姨妈巾90片https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbCRitNW?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【44.9】RIO锐澳,鸡尾酒330ml*9罐https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbCitDW5?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
铁功基的3个活动:①【14.9】淮南牛肉汤121g,買1送1;②【17.9】花甲粉丝138*3罐;
③【15.9】酸辣锅巴粉141g*3盒 https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbBtllQM?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【12.8】丫眯乐, 鲜花饼10枚https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbBojYek?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9拍4件】卜珂,肉松海苔卷100g/罐https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbyCi66N?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【99】舒客,G32电动牙刷https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbxwmup3?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【12.9】哈尔斯,塑料运动水杯https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbwXg14u?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【9.9】牛尔,烟酰胺光感面膜4片https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbuYg9FN?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【9.9】漫花,羽绒服清洁湿巾4包48片https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDboJr2ki?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【14.9】德国Teekanne,红石榴果味红茶20包https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbkStlxT?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【12.9拍2件】宝岛眼镜帮,防雾眼镜布湿巾30片/盒https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbdLjdUJ?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19】MEJO,发热暖桌垫https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaYfaQHp?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
好孩子两歀活动①【19.9】好孩子,儿童面霜50g,2歀可选;②【19.9】好孩子,洗发沐浴二合一金盏花沐浴露200ml https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaXViwSa?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9】五芳斋,八宝饭350g*6罐https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaQlaU4b?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【199】华帝,防智能破壁机https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaNTzurU?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【9.9】仁和,桂圆红枣枸杞姜茶120g https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaFCmFUJ?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【9.8】南字牌,液体红糖270g https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaDB2bUp?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【拍2件19.8】可复美,净痘修护面贴1片 https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaCt5NA9?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【24.8】好人家,老坛酸菜火锅底料300g*3https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaAZbSRj?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9】好日子,萌牛牛肉粒零食36g*5袋https://weibo.com/5260938047/JD9Y3dPAX?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【14.9】TCL ,毛球修剪器https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDcdbe4fv?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9 】便利100 ,保温杯300ml https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDcarp3ti?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【45】兰芳园,0糖茶走奶茶280ml*6杯https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDc9itWBE?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19】马应龙,淡化细纹眼膜眼贴60片https://t.cn/A65hkCCb
【7.8】美味佳 ,新奥尔良腌料68g原味*2包https://t.cn/A65hkCCV
【21.9】桃李,夹心爆浆麻薯720g https://t.cn/A65hkCC5
【拍2件24.9】MOTIE,保暖衣https://t.cn/A65hkCC7
【17.8】绿联, ipad平板电脑全系列钢化莫1片https://t.cn/A65hkCCc
【19.9】日系百搭格纹饺子包https://t.cn/A65hkCCZ
【69.9】康佳 ,负离子直发梳https://t.cn/A65hkCCv
【69.9起】六只兔子×迪士尼联名,珊瑚绒家居服https://t.cn/A65hkCCy
【9.9】娇妍,草本女性护理液220ml https://t.cn/A65hkCCh
【拍2件54】colorkey, 小金筷眉笔*共2支 https://t.cn/A65hkCC2
【17.9】丘伴,内.内共5条https://t.cn/A65hkCCa
【24.9】倍舒特, 姨妈巾70片https://t.cn/A65hkCCA
【39】Dickies,潮牌包https://t.cn/A65hkCCU
【110】芙丽芳丝,氨基酸洁面泡沫150ml https://t.cn/A65hkCCw
【99】马克华菲, 复古小绿表https://t.cn/A65hkCCI
【18.9】柏翠丝,天丝湿敷棉4包*50片 https://t.cn/A65hkCC4
【15.9】铁功基,重庆正宗酸辣锅巴粉141g*3桶https://t.cn/A65hkCCP
【199】 康佳,激光冰点脱毛仪➕送护目镜➕刮毛刀https://t.cn/A65hkCCo
【9.9】三金,免水洗酒精消毒凝胶100ml*3支https://t.cn/A65hkCCf
【9.9】克明宝贝,钙铁锌挂面280g*2包https://t.cn/A65hkC9k
【49】格力高, 喵超定制全家福李盒https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbSSuD4K?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【49】冰泉,樱花蜜桃牙膏8件套https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbRq5yAJ?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9】芙清密钥,水杨酸面莫https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbR27gxl?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【拍2件16.8】千禾,糯米香醋1L*2 https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbQpmnGF?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【48】飞跃,字母高帮帆布鞋https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbPIhc6s?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【59.9】森马,复古PU皮斜挎包https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbOacVhE?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【拍3件39】湿又野,彩妆合集https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbMaru2C?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【39.9】天虹牌,原味巴旦木仁500g https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbKaCJdL?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【14】 乐力, 益生菌*20条https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbIPwneR?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【199】雅鹿 ,宽松加厚羽绒服https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbHO2VZG?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【29.9】韩束,红胶囊玻尿酸补水套装https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbH6DJYH?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【44】棉森,纯棉洗脸巾100抽*5盒https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbD70sE0?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【39】Free,姨妈巾90片https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbCRitNW?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【44.9】RIO锐澳,鸡尾酒330ml*9罐https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbCitDW5?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
铁功基的3个活动:①【14.9】淮南牛肉汤121g,買1送1;②【17.9】花甲粉丝138*3罐;
③【15.9】酸辣锅巴粉141g*3盒 https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbBtllQM?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【12.8】丫眯乐, 鲜花饼10枚https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbBojYek?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9拍4件】卜珂,肉松海苔卷100g/罐https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbyCi66N?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【99】舒客,G32电动牙刷https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbxwmup3?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【12.9】哈尔斯,塑料运动水杯https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbwXg14u?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【9.9】牛尔,烟酰胺光感面膜4片https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbuYg9FN?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【9.9】漫花,羽绒服清洁湿巾4包48片https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDboJr2ki?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【14.9】德国Teekanne,红石榴果味红茶20包https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbkStlxT?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【12.9拍2件】宝岛眼镜帮,防雾眼镜布湿巾30片/盒https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDbdLjdUJ?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19】MEJO,发热暖桌垫https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaYfaQHp?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
好孩子两歀活动①【19.9】好孩子,儿童面霜50g,2歀可选;②【19.9】好孩子,洗发沐浴二合一金盏花沐浴露200ml https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaXViwSa?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9】五芳斋,八宝饭350g*6罐https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaQlaU4b?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【199】华帝,防智能破壁机https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaNTzurU?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【9.9】仁和,桂圆红枣枸杞姜茶120g https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaFCmFUJ?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【9.8】南字牌,液体红糖270g https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaDB2bUp?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【拍2件19.8】可复美,净痘修护面贴1片 https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaCt5NA9?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【24.8】好人家,老坛酸菜火锅底料300g*3https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDaAZbSRj?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9】好日子,萌牛牛肉粒零食36g*5袋https://weibo.com/5260938047/JD9Y3dPAX?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【14.9】TCL ,毛球修剪器https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDcdbe4fv?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【19.9 】便利100 ,保温杯300ml https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDcarp3ti?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
【45】兰芳园,0糖茶走奶茶280ml*6杯https://weibo.com/5260938047/JDc9itWBE?from=page_1005055260938047_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime
#罗渽民[超话]#「na.jaemin0813」10月刊②
2020.10.22
“一直很感谢的我们西珍妮
感谢今天也让我们拥抱一位 ”
2020.10.23
“今天也托西珍妮的福得到了一位!
谢谢你们哦西珍妮”
2020.10.25
“今天也很幸福 ”
2020.10.25
“ ”
2020.10.29
“今天也和西珍妮M.A.W”
2020.10.30
2020.10.31
“西珍妮这次make a wish的活动顺利无事的好好结束了! 真的很感谢大家给予这次活动的关爱 会像我们西珍妮给予我的关爱的那般 我今后也会努力的表现出更多好的面目给大家看的! 然后之后还有pt2也请大家多多喜爱哦嘿嘿一直感谢你们和爱你们~
I love so much#nctzen”
截止2020.10,粉丝数248.7万。
2020.10.22
“一直很感谢的我们西珍妮
感谢今天也让我们拥抱一位 ”
2020.10.23
“今天也托西珍妮的福得到了一位!
谢谢你们哦西珍妮”
2020.10.25
“今天也很幸福 ”
2020.10.25
“ ”
2020.10.29
“今天也和西珍妮M.A.W”
2020.10.30
2020.10.31
“西珍妮这次make a wish的活动顺利无事的好好结束了! 真的很感谢大家给予这次活动的关爱 会像我们西珍妮给予我的关爱的那般 我今后也会努力的表现出更多好的面目给大家看的! 然后之后还有pt2也请大家多多喜爱哦嘿嘿一直感谢你们和爱你们~
I love so much#nctzen”
截止2020.10,粉丝数248.7万。
✋热门推荐