#复古计算# #电子考古学# 如何在上古时代实现核反应堆的自动紧急停堆功能——真空管数字逻辑电路，将多个真空三极管的阴极跟随器连接在一起，组成 Wired-OR 电路，使任何一个电离室传感器的异常信号都会触发紧急停堆。本书居然使用“计算机”一词来形容一个如此基本的逻辑电路，可以体会到计算机上古时代的气息。（1955 年，Principles of Nuclear Reactor Engineering, 作者 Samuel Glasstone）
【5G technologies to play key role in hitting carbon targets】
Superfast 5G technologies are expected to play a key role in making China's energy sector smarter and greener, which will give strong impetus to the country's efforts to hit its carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets.
"5G technologies can be applied to power battery packs to form smart batteries that are able to manage electricity and heat in an intelligent way," said Wu Feng, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
"With such smart management, the battery's total life span will be greatly increased to further support large-scale energy storage, especially for clean energy," Wu said in Beijing on Tuesday at a symposium on 5G and carbon neutrality ahead of the World 5G Convention, which will be held in the capital in August.
Wu said the combination of 5G and smart batteries will also give a boost to a slew of industries across the country, including new energy vehicles, renewable energy and smart grids.
"As the superfast 5G technologies are able to offer safer and faster internet of things connection, they will also play a leading role in improving the transmission rate and efficiency of the entire energy network," he added.
Gao Kunlun, deputy director of the Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute, said the energy sector now accounts for 89 percent of the country's carbon dioxide emissions, with half related to energy and fossil energy power generation.
"For China, to build the next generation power system powered by wind and solar, the current power system still faces great challenges in stability, especially under extreme weather conditions," he said.
"With 5G, we can control the power system in a more timely and accurate way to minimize uncertainties. Alongside the original power grid optical fiber and wired output, the country can realize the control and operation of a new power system that will be more carbon neutral."
China is committed to peaking its carbon emissions by 2030 and attaining carbon neutrality by 2060. The country will also work toward an economic system that prioritizes green, low-carbon and circular growth.
"5G also plays an irreplaceable role in unmanned mining transportation," said Zheng Di, vice-president of Beijing Tage IDriver Technology Co, a provider of unmanned mining transportation solutions. "The fuel consumption of a traditional mining truck is big, but the unmanned vehicles can greatly reduce that consumption through the control of speed, throttle and braking for the best fuel efficiency."
"Without 5G, transportation can only be regarded as 'automatic' but not 'intelligent'. Only with the high bandwidth and low latency of 5G can we collect massive amounts of data in real time and continue to do intelligent learning to finally save energy."
With many people skeptical about the energy consumption of 5G itself, Zhang Nan, an operator service and software executive at tech company Huawei Technologies Co, said it is pushing forward with the use of the smallest possible sites, computer rooms and data centers for 5G as it scrambles to use less equipment to support 5G operations.
Zhang said minimalized sites for 5G are on trial at 2,000 locations in places including Dongguan, Guangdong province. They can each save 20,000 yuan ($3,100) in electricity costs a year.
Ding Haiyu, head of wireless and terminals at the China Mobile Research Institute, said China Mobile can reduce the energy consumption of a single 5G station by 25 percent by using higher-level GPUs and devices fabricated from new materials.
Superfast 5G technologies are expected to play a key role in making China's energy sector smarter and greener, which will give strong impetus to the country's efforts to hit its carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets.
"5G technologies can be applied to power battery packs to form smart batteries that are able to manage electricity and heat in an intelligent way," said Wu Feng, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
"With such smart management, the battery's total life span will be greatly increased to further support large-scale energy storage, especially for clean energy," Wu said in Beijing on Tuesday at a symposium on 5G and carbon neutrality ahead of the World 5G Convention, which will be held in the capital in August.
Wu said the combination of 5G and smart batteries will also give a boost to a slew of industries across the country, including new energy vehicles, renewable energy and smart grids.
"As the superfast 5G technologies are able to offer safer and faster internet of things connection, they will also play a leading role in improving the transmission rate and efficiency of the entire energy network," he added.
Gao Kunlun, deputy director of the Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute, said the energy sector now accounts for 89 percent of the country's carbon dioxide emissions, with half related to energy and fossil energy power generation.
"For China, to build the next generation power system powered by wind and solar, the current power system still faces great challenges in stability, especially under extreme weather conditions," he said.
"With 5G, we can control the power system in a more timely and accurate way to minimize uncertainties. Alongside the original power grid optical fiber and wired output, the country can realize the control and operation of a new power system that will be more carbon neutral."
China is committed to peaking its carbon emissions by 2030 and attaining carbon neutrality by 2060. The country will also work toward an economic system that prioritizes green, low-carbon and circular growth.
"5G also plays an irreplaceable role in unmanned mining transportation," said Zheng Di, vice-president of Beijing Tage IDriver Technology Co, a provider of unmanned mining transportation solutions. "The fuel consumption of a traditional mining truck is big, but the unmanned vehicles can greatly reduce that consumption through the control of speed, throttle and braking for the best fuel efficiency."
"Without 5G, transportation can only be regarded as 'automatic' but not 'intelligent'. Only with the high bandwidth and low latency of 5G can we collect massive amounts of data in real time and continue to do intelligent learning to finally save energy."
With many people skeptical about the energy consumption of 5G itself, Zhang Nan, an operator service and software executive at tech company Huawei Technologies Co, said it is pushing forward with the use of the smallest possible sites, computer rooms and data centers for 5G as it scrambles to use less equipment to support 5G operations.
Zhang said minimalized sites for 5G are on trial at 2,000 locations in places including Dongguan, Guangdong province. They can each save 20,000 yuan ($3,100) in electricity costs a year.
Ding Haiyu, head of wireless and terminals at the China Mobile Research Institute, said China Mobile can reduce the energy consumption of a single 5G station by 25 percent by using higher-level GPUs and devices fabricated from new materials.
Windows 11官宣了！Wired总结了Windows 11的一些新特性，这里摘出来跟大家分享一下：1）开始按钮和任务栏放到屏幕中间。这一点我个人不是太喜欢，不过微软提供了修改配置的选项，所以倒也还好；2）被放弃的Widget又给加回来了（我个人不使用）；3）多显示器功能改进了，断开笔记本后，固定显示在其他显示器上的窗口会被最小化，但当重新连上笔记本后，这些窗口会自动恢复。这种改进对于开发人员比较有帮助；4）Snap窗口管理功能得到了改进，在窗口最大化按钮上悬停鼠标时，会出现一个选择界面，允许选择窗口的几种布局方式，并不是只能并排显示窗口，这个功能对于同时处理多项工作很有帮助；5）半透明的磨砂窗口又回来了；6）触摸屏用起来更加方便；7）PC游戏吸收了XBox的一些特性，对于玩家来说是个好消息；8）Windows Store改为了Microsoft Store，并且支持安卓应用。最后这一点感觉会有很大的影响，因为Microsoft Store不再要求只能上传UWP应用。UWP应用是指应用程序能够在多种Windows设备上工作的应用程序，但开发人员其实并不乐意、或者没有能力编写这种格式的应用程序，而且之前微软抽成太多，比较打击开发人员的积极性，所以之前Windows Store的这种要求，让它的生态发展得不是特别好。现在开发人员能够上传Win32应用程序，积极性一定会提高很多。更重要的是，开发人员现在能够在应用中使用自己的收费系统（微软称之为“商业引擎”），而不需要把12%~15%的收入交给微软，所以预计会有更多开发人员或公司在Microsoft Store上发布应用。最后要说的，如果你的电脑上安装了Windows 10，也是可以免费升级到Windows 11的。
✋热门推荐